Components of web
Web uses the following Terms :
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Webpage
: A simple text
file created using HTML.
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Website
: A collection of interlinked web pages containing text, images, audio and videos. For Example, www. ebalbharati.in
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Web
Browser : A web browser is a software used to view web pages or websites available on the internet For Example Internet Explorer,
Google Chrome, Mozilla
Firefox.
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Web Server :
A Web server is an application
or a computer that sends webpages
over the internet using the HTTP
protocol. The functionality of website
is managed by web server.
For Example Apache,
nginx, IIS, etc..
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URL(Uniform
Resource Locator) : It
is an address of a web page on the internet.
The web pages are retrieved from the original location
with the help of
URL.
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HTTP
: HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used by WWW for client
server communication.
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HTML : Hyper Text Markup Language,
enables to write code for a webpage.
All the webpages in a website
are linked with one another, with the help of hypertext links.
Introduction to HTML5
HTML is a standard language for developing and creating interactive websites, introduced by Tim Berners Lee. HTML documents are created in any text editor for and can be run(executed) on any computer that has a web browser. HTML is compatible with most of the web browsers.
Basic structure : HTML tags are keywords enclosed within angular brackets, that define how your web browser must format and display the content. Tags are not case sensitive. Every HTML page is enclosed within two tags
<html> and </html>. This page is divided into two sections internally, head section and body section. Head section contains title of the document which is enclosed within <Title> and </Title> of <Head> and
</Head>. The actual text of the document is written within <Body> and </Body>.
An attribute
: An attribute defines
a property for an element,
consists of an attribute/value, and appears within the element's
start tag. Sometime
we need additional information with a tag.
<html>
<head>
<title> First
Page </title>
</head>
<body bgcolor
= green >
attribute value of attribute This is my first web page
</body>
</html>
Classification of HTML Tags
HTML tags are categorized as :
1. Container tags 2. Empty tags
1.
Container
Tags : Container Tags are also called paired tags. Container
Tags have a beginning tag and an end
tag. The end tag is similar to the beginning tag but with a ''/'' in front
of it. For Example <head> </head>,
<body> </body>.
2.
Empty Tags : Empty tags are standalone tags and do not have an
end tag. <Br> is an example of singular tag/Empty
tag.
Basic structure of HTML Purpose of tags :
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<html> and </html> : This tag indicates
that the document is an html file.
<head> and </head> : It includes<Title> within it, the text within <head> is not displayed on the webpage. This is used for search engine optimization.
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<title> and </title> : The content
within this tag is displayed
on the title bar.
Text formatting element ( Physical style tag)
Text formatting is used to make
a document look attractive thereby
enhancing it’s appearance|
<b> |
Displays text within
it in Bold like Hello. |
|
<i> |
Displays text within
it in italicized manner like Hello. |
|
<u> |
Displays text with underline like
Hello. |
|
<sub> |
Displays text in subscript form. |
|
<sup> |
Displays text in superscript form. |
<html>
<head>
<title>Use of physical style tag</title>
</head><body>
<b>This text is bold</b><br><br>
<i>This text is italic</i><br><br>
<u>This text is marked</u><br><br>
</body>
</html>
Heading levels
HTML provides six levels of heading tags. The range is from 1 to 6. These heading levels are represented as <H1> Text content </H1>. The <H1> tag displays text in bold and with largest heading level whereas <H6> tag displays text in the smallest heading level.
<html>
<head>
<title>Heading levels</title>
</head>
<body
bgcolor="pink">
<H1>Heading level 1 Text is largest in size</H1>
<H2>Heading level 2 </H2>
<H3>Heading level 3</H3>
<H4>Heading level 4</H4>
<H5>Heading level 5</H5>
<H6>Heading level 6 Text is smallest in size</H6>
</body>
</html>
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